Virginia 7th Grade Science SOL Practice Test

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• How does temperature typically affect the solubility of many solids in water?
• What happens at the particle level when a solid changes to a liquid?
• The process by which the cell nucleus duplicates so that the cell can divide into two new daughter cells is called what?
• Which process describes the movement of water across a membrane?
• Why are scientific investigations often designed with multiple trials?
• The part of the cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus is called what?
• In an energy pyramid, which level contains the most energy?
• Which statement about the metric system is true?
• What is the cell's control center that directs all cell activities?
• What is an example of a renewable resource?
• What is the basic unit of life that all organisms are composed of according to cell theory?
• Chromosomes are made of which substance?
• Which term describes the maximum number of organisms an environment can sustain indefinitely?
• What are the three fundamental states of matter?
• Limiting factors affecting the growth of a population are best described by which Darwinian phrase?
• Which gas is released during photosynthesis?
• The place where an organism lives that provides the things needed for survival is called what?
• How can you minimize errors when collecting data?
• What basic units of measurement are used to describe mass, length, and volume in the metric system?
• What is the relationship between density and buoyancy in water?
• Molecules moving from an area of high concentration to low concentration is called what?
• What is an ecosystem service? Please name one example.
• The number of living organisms that a region can support without environmental degradation is called what?
• A barometer measures what?
• Which term describes the flow of energy from producers to consumers in an ecosystem?
• What is a habitat?
• In plant cells, besides mitochondria, what organelles generate energy?
• Are bacteria cells smaller or larger than plant and animal cells?
• Which statement explains the purpose of a control group?
• Organisms that feed on other organisms for food are called what?
• Which statement about particle motion in solids, liquids, and gases is accurate?
• Which statement correctly defines solubility?
• What type of organisms expedite the decay process and return nitrogen to the soil?
• In the allele "Pp", will the dominant or recessive trait appear?
• Which are the three main rock types?
• What term refers to the observable traits of an organism?
• Which is an example of a biotic factor in an ecosystem?
• Which statement is true about the dependent variable?
• What is the effect of limiting factors on populations?
• Why is randomization important in experimental design?
• How does energy transfer occur in a system with multiple objects?
• What organelles transport materials out of a cell, and are formed at the Golgi Bodies?
• If a rolling ball slows down on a rough surface, what happens to its energy?
• In an ecosystem, energy flows from producers to consumers. Where does energy originate?
• Through photosynthesis, plants produce what two products?
• What is the difference between mass and weight?
• Which statement best distinguishes weather from climate?
• Ribosomes are made where in the nucleus?
• Cell walls are made of which substance?
• What are the basic building blocks of nucleic acids?
• Which method would best separate a mixture of sand and salt?
• Which of the following is NOT a type of symbiosis?
• Hereditary information is stored in what molecule?
• Where does photosynthesis occur and what is produced?
• Which example illustrates commensalism?
• All the different populations of plants and animals that live together in an area is called what?
• In the transfer of energy through food chains, what happens to the number of organisms as you move to higher levels?
• What is the general purpose of a simple machine?
• How do you describe an object's density?
• What term describes specialized or organized structures within a living cell?
• How does photosynthesis contribute to the carbon cycle?
• In ecological energy transfer, what happens to most energy as you move from one trophic level to the next?
• What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype?
• What is acceleration?
• What is a control variable?
• The process by which plants make food is called what?
• Which plant cell organelle captures light energy to help produce chemical energy?
• This process is used in the absence of oxygen to release energy.
• Which statement best describes the role of producers in an energy pyramid?
• Where are vesicles formed within a cell?
• Which of the following is a biotic factor in a forest?
• Which organelle removes cell wastes and digests food with digestive enzymes in vesicles?
• If gravity changes, which quantity would change for an object with the same amount of matter?
• Which statement correctly describes gravity and mass?
• In an experiment to test how light affects plant growth, which variable should be kept constant to ensure valid results?
• Which organelle contains enzymes that digest damaged organelles and waste?
• Which statement describes conductivity and how it is tested?
• Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
• Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
• Which statement about why an object sinks in water is correct?
• In a Punnett square, if both parents are heterozygous for a trait with allele T dominant and t recessive, what is the probability of a homozygous recessive offspring (tt)?
• The study of relationships between organisms and their physical surroundings is called what?
• Which process breaks down dead matter by decomposers?
• Which of the following is an example of a simple machine?
• In an experiment, what is the independent variable?
• Which of the following describes a nucleotide?
• Which term describes the role an organism plays in its environment, including how it obtains energy and interacts with others?
• Which layer of the Earth's atmosphere is where most weather occurs?
• What is the primary difference between a control group and an experimental group in a scientific investigation?
• In these organelles, the cell performs cellular respiration, takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and turns them into energy (ATP).
• Which body system includes bones and muscles?
• Which statement describes a constant in an experiment?
• What is the hereditary material in cells abbreviated by three letters?
• The time before mitosis when the DNA and chromosomes replicate is called what?
• Which are necessary for photosynthesis to occur?
• What type of consumers get their energy by eating producers?
• Which process releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?
• Which organelle is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells?
• As you move up the food chain, the number of organisms and the amount of energy typically do what?
• Which organelle's main function is to control what comes into and out of the cell?
• What is carrying capacity in an ecosystem?
• If biodiversity decreases in an ecosystem, which outcome is most likely?
• Which statement correctly explains seasons and the effect of Earth's tilt?
• What gas do plants primarily take in during photosynthesis?
• What is friction?
• The role an organism fulfills in the place where it lives is called what?
• In ecology, what term describes the sum of living and nonliving parts and how they interact in an area?
• Which layer contains Earth's most diverse set of plant and animal life?
• What is the term for the pathway by which water moves from the atmosphere to the land and back again?
• Which statement best describes Newton's First Law (inertia)?
• Which scientist is associated with the idea that new cells arise from pre-existing cells?
• What tool can be used to determine the probability of traits appearing in cross-bred organisms?
• The maximum reproductive capacity of a population is referred to as what?
• Which term best describes the pathway by which energy moves from producers to higher trophic levels?
• What are the major processes of the water cycle?
• Which of the following is a biotic factor in an ecosystem?
• The first phase of mitosis is what?
• Which structure acts as the boundary and gatekeeper of the cell?
• If a person has blue eyes, this is an example of which concept?
• What term describes the physical and biological components of a place and how they interact?
• Which type of cells have membrane-covered organelles, prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
• Which of the following is a physical change?
• What is the green substance in plant chloroplasts called?
• What is density and how is it calculated?
• Which force is required to change the motion of an object?
• Which process moves carbon from the atmosphere into living organisms?
• The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane, from low to high concentration, is called what?
• What refers to the actual genes, or alleles?
• What is the overall purpose of cellular respiration?
• What process do producers use to make their own food?
• What part of the nucleus is located in the center of the nucleus?
• What is matter?
• Organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis are called what?
• Oxygen combining with sugar to form carbon dioxide and water is called what?
• What functions do bones and muscles primarily provide?
• What is the name of the process by which a seed sprouts into a plant?
• The gradual changes experienced by the living things of a particular location is referred to as what?
• Which word means the study of relationships between organisms and their environment?
• Which term describes a group of similar individuals that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring?
• How do food chains and food webs differ?
• What is the difference between a producer and a consumer?
• Which weather instrument measures wind speed?
• Which small sacs produced by the Golgi apparatus store and move materials within the cell?
• What term describes long-term changes in Earth’s climate?
• Which statement about speed and velocity is accurate?
• Which is an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?
• What gas is produced by plants during photosynthesis and consumed by animals during respiration?
• How does an inclined plane affect the effort required to move a load?
• Which organelle is not primarily involved in protein manufacturing or processing?
• Which statement is an observation?
• Which statement correctly describes the effect of a net unbalanced force on an object's motion?
• During cellular respiration, what is released to power cellular activities?
• A group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals that are capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding is called what?
• Which organelle carries out photosynthesis, converting light energy into glucose?
• Which organelle packages proteins and directs them to their destinations inside the cell?
• Cell walls in plants are primarily composed of which substance?
• What refers to the physical appearance of a trait?
• Solubility typically increases with temperature for many solids. Which statement best expresses this?
• What type of rock is formed when existing rocks are modified by heat, pressure, and chemical processes?
• In a simple circuit with a battery and a bulb, energy is transformed from chemical energy to electrical energy and then to light and thermal energy.
• Which statement best describes the difference between weather and climate?
• Which statement best describes the role of producers in an ecosystem's energy flow?
• Which description describes how plants and animals exchange gases with the environment?
• Which description best matches the role of cells in living organisms?
• Which organelle is responsible for producing energy in cells through cellular respiration?
• Materials move into the nucleus through pores in which structure?
• How does the genetic variation arise in sexual reproduction?
• What happens when heat is added to a substance?
• Which gas do animals consume during respiration?
• Organisms of the same species living together in a given location is called what?
• Which phase completes cell division by dividing the cytoplasm?
• What type of rock is formed from sediment compaction and cementation?
• Which of the following is a characteristic of living things?
• Which statement correctly describes energy flow in an ecosystem and where energy comes from?
• Which statement best describes kinetic energy?
• Which pigment is primarily responsible for the green color of plants and captures light energy?
• What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?
• What term refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, including the alleles it carries?
• What is the difference between a mixture and a pure substance?
• Which process uses sunlight to produce glucose in plants?
• What is a phenotype?
• Which statement best distinguishes weathering from erosion?
• What does the rock cycle describe, and which are the three main rock types?
• The threadlike structures made up of DNA are called what?
• Which organelle manufactures and processes proteins before they are sent to the Golgi bodies?
• Which of the following is a clear example of potential energy?
• In an experiment, the standard base for comparison is the
• In the water cycle, which process involves water vapor turning into a liquid?
• Which of the following is NOT a simple machine?
• What, ultimately, is the energy source of all of our food?
• What is the term for the limited area where an organism lives and meets its needs?
• Which term refers to all individuals of a single species living in a given area?
• Which biotic component is directly responsible for returning carbon to the atmosphere during respiration and decomposition?
• In a cross where both parents are heterozygous for a trait with dominant allele T, what is the probability of the recessive phenotype?
• These parts of a cell are made of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base.
• In a food chain, energy flows from producers to herbivores to carnivores. Why does the amount of usable energy decrease at each trophic level?
• Which of the following is an abiotic factor?
• Which pair shows a predator-prey relationship?
• Which statement best describes a limiting factor in an ecosystem?
• Which term describes the movement of carbon through living organisms, air, water, and rocks?
• How do plate tectonics shape Earth's surface?
• What is a hypothesis and how should it be written?
• Which statement about weather versus climate describes short-term versus long-term patterns?
• Why is the Sun important to life on Earth?
• Which organelle holds cell materials and wastes and helps maintain turgor pressure in plant cells?
• If the genotype is pp, which trait will appear?
• How does friction affect motion?
• Which statement best describes the independent variable?
• Which organelle contains the genetic material and directs all cell activities?
• What effect does increased atmospheric CO2 have on Earth's average temperature?
• Which statement accurately describes photosynthesis?
• Which organelle is the primary site of protein synthesis in cells?
• This organelle will let some materials pass through, but keeps other materials out.
• What is a physical change? Give an example.
• Which scientist said that all cells are formed from other cells?
• Which statement best describes potential energy?
• Which organelle produces proteins in the cell?
• Which statement is an inference?
• During which stage do chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles?
• What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
• Which statement about diffusion and osmosis is true?
• Which part of the nucleus is responsible for assembling ribosomes?
• Which organism is typically a producer in most ecosystems?
• This is used to describe the shape of a DNA molecule.
• A combination of all living and nonliving things and the factors that affect organisms' ways of life is called what?
• Which statement correctly defines producers, consumers, and decomposers?
• Which organelle sorts and processes proteins before sending them to other parts of the cell?
• Which process results in two new cells after division that have identical genetic material?
• How do levers change the effort force?
• In a plant growth experiment testing the effect of light, which variable is the independent variable?
• Which statement describes diffusion?
• Which term describes the DNA molecule's shape?
• Which process is caused by plate tectonics?
• What term describes the process by which organisms that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully?
• During cellular respiration, which organelle converts nutrients into ATP energy?
• Which type of rock forms from the cooling and solidification of molten rock?
• Molecules moving from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration is called what?
• Which of the following is a renewable resource?
• Why is biodiversity important in ecosystems?